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mardi 9 juillet 2013

Interim charter row reflects rocky road ahead for Egypt

AppId is over the quota
AppId is over the quota
Interim charter row reflects rocky road ahead for Egypt

CAIRO, July 09, 2013 (AFP)

Egypt’s interim charter hit a wave of opposition shortly after it was announced late on Monday, from liberals as well as supporters of Islamist former president Mohamed Morsi, illustrating the treacherous political landscape following his ouster.

The blueprint unveiled by army-appointed caretaker President Adly Mansour has been welcomed by some as a decisive step towards restoring civilian rule in Egypt, amid heightened tensions between the army and Islamists in an increasingly bloody transition.

The charter outlines the president’s powers, while laying out a timetable to revise the suspended constitution and hold fresh parliamentary and presidential elections, possibly by early next year.

But secular parties were swift to criticise the new charter, notably for upholding a stricter definition of Islamic Sharia as the main source of legislation, in what was widely seen as a concession to the Salafist al-Nur party.

The provision narrowing Islamic law to the principles of Sunni thought first appeared in the controversial constitution that Morsi forced through last year and which was suspended following last week’s coup.

The liberal Free Egyptians Party called Monday’s constitutional decree “highly disappointing.”

Party spokesman Shaheeb Wageeh said the Sharia clause was included to “appease a political party that has been trying to impose its vision on society,” referring to Al-Nur.

Others raised concerns about the election timetable, seen as particularly ambitious given the ongoing protests and security problems, and the unchecked privileges of the military, who intervened last week to depose Egypt’s first democratically elected leader.

Gamal Eid, an Egyptian lawyer who works for a human rights NGO, said the text gave the army too much discretion over prosecuting soldiers and civilians in military tribunals, a concern echoed by Heba Morayef from Human Rights Watch.

“This decree has broadened out the military justice system… At present the military has absolute jurisdiction when it comes to trying its own people,” she told AFP.

Army accountability has been thrown sharply into focus since Monday morning when at least 51 people, mostly Morsi loyalists, were killed outside the Cairo military headquarters, stoking the Islamists’ anger toward the army.

The Muslim Brotherhood claimed police and troops “massacred” their supporters as they performed dawn prayers, while the army said it came under attack by “terrorists.”

After the incident, the Brotherhood rejected the interim charter outright, with senior official Essam al-Erian saying “a constitutional decree by a man appointed by putschists… brings the country back to square one.”

Separately, the grassroots Tamarod campaign which organised the mass protests that led to Morsi’s overthrow complained it had not been consulted on the transition plan.

Tamarod spokesman Mahmud Badr said his movement would make proposals for changes to the blueprint, which it would present to Mansour later on Tuesday.

Some observers remained optimistic, however, that the charter marked a key step in Egypt’s democratic transition.

Political analyst Emad Gad said the new decree would help restore stability by boosting what he called the “new cooperation” between anti-Islamist protesters and the military.

“The civic power demonstrators of the June 30 revolution are trying to support the interim president. So when they see the transitional period progressing, I believe they will decide to leave the streets and support the country’s new institutions.”

mercredi 12 juin 2013

Topless activists’ Tunis trial goes ahead

AppId is over the quota
AppId is over the quota
Topless activists’ Tunis trial goes ahead

TUNIS, June 12, 2013 (AFP)

The trial resumed in Tunis on Wednesday of three European activists with radical women’s protest group Femen, who defended in court their topless anti-Islamist protest for which they risk six months in prison.

The judge opened the hearing by questioning the women, two French and one German, on the reasons and circumstances of their bare-breasted protest on May 29, a first in the Arab world.

“I came on May 28 to stage a political demonstration and support Amina (Sboui, a detained Tunisian activist). We made our plan on the Internet and came from Paris,” said Josephine Markmann, one of the three accused.

“Baring our breasts is not intended to cause sexual excitement but is a form of activism,” said Marguerite Stern, one of the French women.

The German activist said: “I relish every opportunity to express my political views.”

Lawyers for a number of Islamist associations, demanding to take part in the trial as a civil party, condemned the Femen protest in the socially conservative country governed by an Islamist-led coalition.

“It is Islam that honours women and offers them freedom, not the act of undressing,” said Slah Khlifi, one of the Islamist group’s lawyers.

Monaam Turki said their controversial act could be considered an attack on state security “under article 71 of the penal code, which carries a one-year prison sentence.”

Another lawyer cited an Arab proverb, saying: “A free woman prefers to go hungry than to eat thanks to her breasts.”

Judge Karim Chebbi suspended the hearing and indicated his verdict would be made public later on Wednesday. “The case can be settled, and the hearing is suspended for deliberation,” he said.

The women’s lawyers had said that the trial, which has already been put back for a week and the three women denied bail at the first hearing last Wednesday, could be delayed again if the judge decided to recognise the Islamist groups as a civil party.

Three other members of Femen staged a topless protest outside the Tunisian embassy in Madrid on Wednesday to demand the release of their fellow activists.

The case is being closely watched by activists and politicians in Europe, with Femen having also held protests in support of their arrested comrades outside the European Parliament in Brussels, the German chancellor’s office and the Tunisian embassy in Paris.

Their French lawyers said they had not made the trip to Tunis for Wednesday’s trial because they claimed the “rights of the defence are not guaranteed”.

“We are waiting for the clear and unconditional release of our three clients,” Patrick Klugman and Yvan Terel told AFP.

They underlined that if the activists were not freed on Wednesday, they would come “immediately to Tunis” to mobilise international support for the women, especially ahead of the expected visit by French President Francois Hollande in early July.

The women were arrested on May 29 after staging a topless demonstration outside the main courthouse in Tunis in support of Amina Sboui, a Tunisian activist with the same “sextremist” group who had been arrested 10 days earlier.

Sboui had been arrested for painting the word “Femen” on a wall near a cemetery in city of Kairouan last month, in an act of protest against a planned gathering of radical Salafists in the historic Muslim city south of Tunis.

The Tunisian activist, who sparked a scandal in March by posting topless pictures of herself on Facebook, defying Arab-Muslim convention, faces possible charges of indecency and desecrating a cemetery.